ABSTRACT
Cooling bag for heat stroke in wild field was invented in order to fulfill rapid cooling for heat stroke in field environment. The cooling bag is composed of the hood, the body cover (which is made up of the anterior portion, the linking, and the posterior portion), the fixed straps, the handles. The length is 200 cm, the regulative width is 60-70 cm, the folding volume is 26 cm× 20 cm× 9 cm, and the weight is 1.4 kg. There are a number of pockets for the cold sources in the hood and the body cover. Fixed straps are set in the upper, middle and lower of the bag. The handles are set in the hood and the body covers. Usage: put the activated cold sources in the pockets, then put off the patient's clothes, stretch his/her arms into the linking, zipper up and wrapped up by the fixed straps; the amount of cold sources can be adjusted or changed according to the temperature. The patient's temperature, blood pressure, intravenous infusion can be monitored during the cooling course. The handles in the hood and the body cover allow the patient to be easily moved and be transferred in rescue. The cooling bag for heat stroke in field has good cooling effect, and are reusable and easy to be carried, operate, monitor and move, with low cost, which make it popularization and application.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between a proliferation-inducing ligand (APRIL) expression in primary tumor foci of breast cancer and the patients' prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Paraffin sections of surgical specimens were retrospectively collected from 130 stage I-III breast cancer patients who received surgery between January 2000 and December 2002 in our hospital. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess APRIL expression intensity in the tumor cells and density of interstitial APRIL-positive cells, and their association was analyzed with the density of interstitial CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ cells and with the histopathologic features, overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) of the patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>APRIL positive staining was found in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells, interstitial cells, and the extracellular matrix. APRIL intensity in the tumor cells was positively correlated with the density of interstitial APRIL-positive cells (P=0.009) and Ki67 (P=0.003). The density of interstitial APRIL-positive cells was positively correlated with the density of interstitial CD4⁺ cells (P<0.001) and CD8⁺ cells (P<0.001). In hormone receptor negative patients (ER- and PR-), multivariate COX regression identified the density of interstitial APRIL-positive cells as a positive prognostic factor for DFS (HR=0.313, 95% CI=0.107-0.920, P=0.035). CONCLUSIONSl APRIL is widely expressed in the interstitial immune cells in breast cancer. APRIL staining intensity in the tumor cells is positively correlated with tumor proliferation, indicating that the immune cells might promote tumor proliferation by secreting APRIL. A greater density of interstitial APRIL-positive cells is associated with a good prognosis in hormone receptor-negative patients.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Breast Neoplasms , Diagnosis , Metabolism , CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes , CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes , Cell Transformation, Neoplastic , Cytoplasm , Disease-Free Survival , Immunohistochemistry , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To study the method,effect and safety of percutaneous targeted argon-helium (cryoablation) for liver cancer. Methods Retrospective analysis of the clinical data was made on the 52 (patients) with primary liver cancer who were treated with argon-helium cryoablation. Results Following the treatment of the 52 (patients), there were no operative mortality or complications, such as rupture of liver,bleeding,biliary fistula,frostbite of skin,and metastatic implantalion or infection at the injection site.(Postoperatively), 5 patients developed pneumothorax and reactive pleural effusion, and 43 patients had a low-grade fever. The 1- and 2-year survival rates were 63.5 %( 33/52) and 36.5 %( 19/52)(respectively).After treatment, the AFP levels were significantly lower. Conclusions CT guided percutaneous targeted argon-helium cryoablation is a reasonable, safe, effcctive and mimimally invasive new therapeutic method for the treatment of liver cancer.